Which term is defined as preserving authorized restrictions on information access and disclosure, including the protection of personal privacy and proprietary information?

• A. Data Classification
• B. Availability
• C. Confidentiality
• D. Control

Answer: (C)

Confidentiality focuses on preserving authorized restrictions on access and disclosure of information. It ensures that data is only accessible to those with proper authorization and protects personal privacy and proprietary information from being disclosed to unauthorized parties. This aligns with the intended role of the CIA triad, specifically addressing the risk of information leakage. While data classification guides how sensitive data should be handled, and availability ensures data is accessible when needed, and a control is any security measure, none of these alone defines the act of restricting access and disclosure. Therefore, confidentiality is the best fit for the description.