Which term describes software modules that are linked to one another and operate together?

• A. Loosely Coupled
• B. Tightly Coupled
• C. Modular
• D. Independent

Answer: (B)

When modules are linked to one another and operate together, they are tightly coupled. This means there is a high level of interdependence: modules rely on shared data structures, direct calls, or internal implementations of one another. Because of that close connection, a change in one module often requires corresponding changes in others, and the system can be less flexible to modify or replace components.

Loosely coupled describes designs where modules interact through simple, well-defined interfaces with minimal knowledge of each other, which makes changes easier and the system more adaptable. Modular is about the approach of dividing a system into distinct components, which can be implemented with varying degrees of coupling. Independent would imply modules can function without relying on others at all, which is not what “linked to one another and operate together” implies. Therefore, the best fit for that description is tightly coupled.