Dynamic Testing is testing of the functionality of software; also known as black box testing.

• A. Dynamic Testing
• B. Stream-based Ciphers
• C. Proof of Possession
• D. Trusted Path

Answer: (A)

Dynamic testing focuses on how the software behaves when it is executed, observing its external functionality by providing inputs and checking the outputs. This approach tests what the software does from an outside perspective, which is exactly what black-box testing means—no internal code or structure is assumed or inspected. The other terms don’t describe testing at all: stream-based ciphers are encryption methods, not testing methods; proof of possession is a cryptographic concept about proving you hold a secret key; trusted path refers to ensuring secure handling of sensitive operations, not to testing software behavior. So, dynamic testing is the description that matches the concept.